Broach mechanism



Sept. 11, 1928. 1,684,139

J. OAKLEY ET AL BROAGH MECHANISM Filed April 2, 1927 7 32 K 4 A. a /76./

will;

Patented Sept. 11,1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFF-ICE.

JOHN OAKLEY AND HIRAM D. CROFT, or SPRINGFIELD,FMASSAQHUSETTS, AssIe oRsTO PERKINS MACHINE AND GEAR COMPANY, or SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, A

CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

BROACH MECHANISM.

Application filed April 2,

Our invention relatesto improvements in mechanisms for-automaticallychanging the positions of reciprocating broaches, and consists generallyofmeans for holding broaches, means for pivotally. attaching saidfirstnamed means to a reciprocating member in such a manner that saidholding means can be moved through an arc to locate the broaches.carried thereby alternately 'in a vertical plane or in the cuttingfield,means automatically to swing said first-named means each time saidmember approaches either end of its travel, and means to lock andrelease said first-named meanseach time one of said broaches ispositioned in the cutting field, together with such other parts andmembers as may be necessary or desirable in order to render themechanism complete and serviceable in every respect, all as hereinafterset forth.

The primary object of ourinvention is to provide comparatively simple,yet strong, durable, and highly efficient, mechanism forautomaticallyswinging first in one direction and then in the other, froman axis common to both, two broaches or two lines of broaches to locatethem alternately or one after the other in the cutting field orbroaching position, to the end that the cutting or broaching operationis practically continuous, that is to say, when the two broaches or twolines of broaches descend one of them makes a cut, and when they ascendthe othermakes a cut, and the operation of broaching is therebymatc-rially accelerated, and the production of the machine equipped withour mechanism correspondingly increased.

Another object is to produce a mechanism of this character which ispositive and accu-. rate in its operation.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the course of the followingdescription. Thism'cchanism is designed to be incorporated withbroaching machines of thetype disclosed in Letters Patent'of theUnitedStates, No. 154.2593. r I

/Ve attain the objects and secure the advantages of our invention, bythe mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which 1Figure 1 is atop plan of broach mechanism which embodies a practicalform of our invention, showing the same in connection with 1927. SerialNo. 180,380

the closely associated parts andmembers of a breaching machine, and withcertain portions broken out; Fig. 2,a cross sectionthroughpor- .tions ofsaid mechanism'and saidparts and members, taken on lines 22, lookingdown, in Fig. l; Fig. 3, a left-hand side elevation of said mechanismand said parts and members, with portions broken out and broken away;Fig. 4, a front elevation ofsaid mechanism,

or enough of the same to show its disposition i when the broaches are atthe upper end of their travel; Fig. 5, a similar view'showing thedisposition of said. mechanism when said broaches are at the lower endof their travel, and, Fig.6, adetail in front elevation of-the lockingdevice for the broachholder.

Similar reference characters designate similar parts throughout theseveral views.

The old parts and members shown in con:

nection herewith as necessary for a complete understanding of thepresent invention comprise a column 1, a ram 3 arranged to reciprocatevertically on said column, and provided on one side with a rack 4:, anda pinion ,5 intermeshing with said rack, said pinion being mounted onashaftv 6. From any suitable source of motive power the shaft 6 is causedto rotate, and, through the medium of the pinion 5 and the rack 4, toactuate the ram shaft 6, and means to bring about the operation of saidreversing'means each time the ram arrives at either end of its travel,are required, butthese are not shown because the '3 on the column 1.Reversing means for the P Broaches such as areused in thisart are 7 end,so that the separate sections or indivldual broaches, to all lntents andpurposes,

form one broach,' and, they will herein be so Aholder'9, inthe form of asector, is prop vided for the broaches 7 and 8. The holder 9 is arrangedwith its apex at the top, where said holder is mounted toswing 'on abolt 10 that projects from the face of the ram 3m usually made up insections arranged end to the longitudinal center thereof. Two nuts 11are threaded onto the forward end of the bolt 10, outside of the part ofthe holder 9 that is mounted on said bolt, to prevent the same frombecoming displaced. A washer 56 is interposed between the axial part ofthe holder and-rear nut 11. To serve as means to guide the holder 9 atthe bottom, and assist in supporting, and in retaining said holderagainst the face of the ram 3, are two segmental blocks 12 secured bybolts or other beveled from above downward and rearward,

as represented at 14, and the upper edges of the blocks arecorrespondingly beveled. These beveled parts are in contiguity, and thebase of the holder is thereby supported and held against the face of therain, but at I the same time permitted to slide as said holder 1s swungon 1ts plvot. If desired additional supporting and guiding means for theholder 9 may be provided in the form of arcuate bars secured by screwsor other means to the rain 3, said bars being let into arcuate slots inthe face of said rain and projecting forwardly into arcuate slots in theback side of said holder. In the present example there is an arcuate bar15 below the pivot bolt 10, and two arcuate bars 16 above the base ofthe holder 9, said last-named bars being spaced apart in thelongitudinal center of the ram. The'bars 15 and 16 and the blocks 12,are, of course, concentric with the bottom edge of the holder 9.

In the front side of the'holder 9 are two radial slots 17 and a recess18 having radial sides, into which recess said slots open at their upperends. The bodies of the broaches 7 and 8, each of which bodies in crosssection is dove-tail in form, are received in the slots 17 and therecess 18. The outer sides of the aforesaid slots and both sides of theaforesaid recess are cut to correspond with the outer inclined sides ofthe bodies of the broaches 7 and-8. A wedge block 19 is received in therecess 18, and two radial wedge bars 20 are received in the slots 17.The sides of the wedge block 19 and the outer sides of the wedge bars 20are inclined to correspond wedge bars 20 are secured by screws or other.

means to the holder 9. An abutment block 21 is interposed between theupper ends of the broaches 7 and 8 and wedge block 19 below and the topof the recess 18 above, and

an abutment block 22 is interposed in each part 40 of said frame.

slot 17 between the lower end of the breach in said slot and the bottomof the slot, any suitable means being employed to fasten said blocks inplace. Thus it is seen that the two broaches are rigidly secured in,with their teeth projecting beyond, the holder 9.

In the present construction, when either broach 7 or'8 is disposedvertically, it is in position to make its cut, or, in other words, inthe cutting field.

There are two horizontal slots 23 and'24 in the face of the ram 3. Theseslots'are between the guide bars 15 and 16. In the back side of theholder 9 is an annular recess 25,

and below that an arcuate recess 26. There is also an annular recess 27in the face of the rain 3 directly behind the recess 25 in the holder 9and of the same size. A rack bar 28 and a plunger-operating bar 29 areslidingly. arranged in the slots- 23 and 24, respectively, each of saidbars adjacent to its left-hand terminal having therein a longitudinalslot 30 to receive a screw 31 which passes through said slot to betapped into the ram 3. The screws 31 are countersunk in the slottedparts of the bars 28 and 29 and assist in retaining said bars in theslots 23 and 24. The rack bar 28 extends-beyond the left-hand side ofthe i.

ram, and is provided at the outer terminal on the back side with a roll32. The bar 29 also extends beyond the left-hand side of the rain, andthere has an upwardly-extending arm 33 which is provided at the upperend on the back side with a roll 34. The roll34 is widerthan the roll32.

An upright 35 is located at the left of the ram 3, and has at the top arearwardly-extending flange 36 that is bolted at 37 to a fixed part 38of the frameof the machine, and has its lower terminal bolted, asat 39,to a fixed other means to the front side of theupright 35, near theupper end thereof, is a cam block 41 having two inclined cam surfaces 42and 43, the upper of said surfaces projecting forwardly beyond. thelower of said surfaces.- The cam surface 43 is at the bottom of the Thecam surfaces 42 and 43 are parallel with each other and incline from beblock 41.

low upwardly and to the left. A second cam block 44 issecure'd by screwsor other meansv to the front side near the lowerend of the upright .35,and this block has at the top an inclined cam surface 45 which isparallel with the cam surfaces 42 and 43. The cam block 44 Secured-byscrews or is set farther to-the left on the upright 35 than block 44 isof the same thickness as the cam' block 41 in its thickestpart. v I

On'the bottom of the bar 28 are teeth 46, and'onthe bottom of the'bar 29is a projection having downwardly convergent ends'to form a dog 47. V

Let into the arcuaterecess 26 in the with the teeth on the rack bar 28above, and

with the teeth on the segment 48 below. The segment 48 is concentricwith the other arcuate members.

Obviously, if the rack bar 28 be moved to the right, from the positionwhich it occupies inFig. 4, it will impart, through the medium of thepinion 50, a motion to the segment 48 which carries the latter to theleftand thereby causes the holder 9 to be swung on its pivot 10 in thesame direction, and, if said bar be moved to the left, from the positionwhich it occupies in Fig. 5, it will impart, through the medium of saidpinion, a motionto said segment which carries the latter to the rightand thereby causes said holder to be swung on said pivot in the samedirection;

'On the front of the ram 3, at the bottom and in the longitudinal centerof'said ram, is, a vertical socket 51 closed at the bottom by means of ascrew plug 52, and in which is a spring 53. A. latch 54 is-located inthe space between the adjacent ends of the guideblocks 12, and pinned tosaid latch behind the. same is a vertical tongue or plunger 55 beveledat the upper terminal to correspond with the beveled ends of the dog 47.The plunger 55 rests on the spring 53, which latter normally retainssaid plunger andthe latch 54 in ele-- The upper end of the latch vatedposition. 54 is adapted to enter either of the notches 13 in the bottomof the holder 9, and to lock said holder with either the breach? or thebroach 8 in the cuttingfield, accordingly as said latch is in theleft-hand or the right-hand notch. .The plunger 55 extends, upwardlythrough the space between. the adjacent ends of the guide bars 16 tobear against the under side of the bar 29 or of the dog 47. Normally theplunger bears against theunderside of the bar itself and is incontiguity with one end or the other of the dog 47. I I

When the bar 29 isactuated to'the right, from the position'which itoccupies in Fig. 4, the'dog 47 forces the plunger 55 downwardly,

against the resiliency of the spring 53, and thus removes thelatch 54frem-theleft-hand As soon as'tliedog 47 passes the top of the plunger55, the spring 53 causes said plunger to be elevated into position atthe left of said dog, and thus toraise the latch f 54 into theright-hand notch 13, said notch having been positioned to receive saidlatch by the movement of the holder 9 when swung to. the left. Then,when the'bar 29 is actuated to the left, from the position which it occupics in 5, the dog 47 forces the plunger 55 downwardly a second time towithdraw the latch 54 from engagement with the holder, said latchsubsequently reengaging said holder and looking it in the first positionagain.

Starting with the parts disposed as in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6, theoperation of the mechanism as a whole is described as follows:

Upon the descentof the ram 3 to make a cut with the broach 7 the bars 28and 29 are carried downwardly. In descending the roll 34 carried by thebar 29 encounters the cam surface 45 of the cam plate 44, after thebroach 7 has made its cut, and said bar is thereby actuated to the rightfar enough to cause the latch 54 to be removed from theright hanid notch13, through the medium of t-he'dog 47 and'the plunger 55. The roll 34finally passes down against the right-hand edge of the cam plate 44,when the bar 29 is so disposed that the left-hand end of the. dog 47 isin position to receive against it the adjacent beveled edge at the topof the plunger 55. Meanwhile the roll 32 encounters the cam surface 45of the. cam plate 44, and actuates the rack bar 28 to the right, withthe-result that the holder 9, through the medium of the pinion 50 andthe segment 48, is swung to the left, and the broach 7 is removed andthe broach 8 is positioned in the cutting field. As soon as the roll32rides off of the cam surface 45v and down against the right-hand edge ofthe-cam plate 44,.the latch-54, which was released to the spring 53 assoon as the dog 47 cleared the plunger 55, and is now bearing on theunder edge of the holder 9, rises into the righthand slot 13 and locksthe holder with the broach 8 in active position. Next the drivingmechanism for the ram 3 is reversed and said ram ascends to make a cutwith the broach 8. Theascending roll 34 encounters the cam surface 43 ofthe cam plate 41, and causes the bar 29 to be actuated to the left againand the holder 9 to be a second time unlocked. Directly after the holder9 is unlocked the roll 32 encounters the cam surface 42, of thecam plate41, and causes the bar 28 to actuated to the left again with the result.that said holder is swung to the i right to remove'the broach 8 from andlocate the broach 7 a second time int-he cutting field. The movement tothe left of the bar 29.

relocates the dog 47 at the left of the plunger 55, in positionready toact on said plunger again when said bar is a second time actuated to.the right, and the latch 54 enters the lefthand notch13 to lock theholder. The rolls :34fand 32 have now passed off of-the respectivecamsurfaces 43 and'42, and up against the left-hand side of the camplate 41. N ext the direction of the driving mechanism for the ram is asecond'tiine reversed and said ram descends to make the second cut withthelbroach 7. These operations are repeated as the ram moves up anddown, and first one breach and then the other broach makes its cut, solong as the machine is in motion.

' By changing the wedge bars 20, the wedge block 19, and the abutmentblocks 21 and 22, broaches of difi erent lengths and sizes can besubstituted for the breaches 7 and 8.

More or less change-in the shape, size, construction, and arrangement ofsome or all of the parts of this mechanism may be made without departingfrom the spirit of our invention or exceeding the scope of what isclaimed. WVhat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. In mechanism of the class described, a reciprocating member, aholder, means to support said holder from and in front of one face ofsaid member and permit the holder to swing, on a point of suspensiontransverse to said holder, in a plane parallel with said face, saidholder being for breaches arranged therein radially in the direction oftheir length to said supporting means, and adapted to cut alternatelywhen moved in opposite directions with said member, and'meansautomatically to swing said holder, first in one and then in the otherdirection, as said member approaches the ends of its travel, to locateone breach in cutting position and the other breach at an angle thereto,and then to locate the second broach in cutting position and the firstbroach at an angle thereto.

2. The combination, in mechanism of the class described, with areciprocating member provided with a horizontal pivot, of'a holdermounted to swing on'said pivot in a vertical plane, said holder beingfor lengthwise radial breaches, and independently movable relative tosaid member, and means automatically to change theposition of saidholder, each time said member approaches either end of its travel, tolocate one of said breaches vertically in cutting position and the otherat an'angle thereto, and thento locate the second broach vertically incutting position and the first broach in angular relation thereto.

3. The combination, in mechanism of the class described, with areciprocating member provided with ahorizontal pivot, of a holdermounted to swing in a vertical plane of said pivot, said holder beingfor lengthwise'radial breaches, and capable of independent movementrelative'to said member, means automatically to change the position "ofsaid holder, each time said member approaches either end of its travel,to locate one of said breaches vertically in cutting position and theother in angular relation thereto, and then to locate the second broachvertically in cutting position and the first broach in angularrelation'thereto, and means automatically to lock said holder whendisposed with either breach in vertical position, and to release-thesame after the out has been made.

of its travel.

provided with a pivot, and with guide means,

of a holder for breaches adapted to cut alternately as said memberreciprocates, mounted at the top on said pivot and guided at the bottomby said means, automatic means to cause said holder to be swung on itspivot each time said reciprocating member approaches either end of itstravel, and means automatically to lock said holder when disposed witheither oif said breaches in the cutting field, and to release the sameafter the cut is made.

I 6. The combination, in mechanism of the class described, with areciprocating member, a rack bar transversely arranged in said member,and provided with a projection, and a pinion carried by said member andintermeshing with the teeth of said bar, of a holder, for radialbroaches adapted to cut alternately as said member reciprocates,pivotally connected therewith, and provided with a serrated segmentintermeshing with said pinion, and cam blocks arranged in the path ofsaid projection to cause said bar to be actuated in opposite directionsas said recip rocating member approaches the ends of its travel.

7. The combination, in mechanism of the class described, with areciprocating memben a rack bar and a phmger-actuating bar slidinglyarranged laterally in said member, and provided at their outer ends withprojections, said second-named bar also being provided with a dog, and apinion carried by said re 7 ciprocating member and intermeshing with theteeth of said rack bar, of a holder, for radial breaches adapted to cutalternately as said member reciprocates, pivotally connected therewith,and having notches in the bot-' tom edge thereof, a segment secured tosaid holder and having teeth which intermesh with said pinio'n,"a latchcarried bysa id re ciprocating member in position to enter either of thenotches in saidholder, a plunger extending from said latch into the pathof said 7 dog, a spring arranged normally to retain said plunger in thepath of said dog and said latch in one or the other of said notches, andeaan blocks in the pathsro'f said projections to cause saidplunger-actuating bar-and said rack bar to be moved sequentially assaidre ciproca-ting member 1 approaches either end 8. The combination,in mechanism of the class described, with a reciprocating member, a rackbar and a plunger-actuating bar slidingly arranged laterally in saidmember, and provided at their outer ends with projections, saidsecond-named bar also being provided with a dog,and a. pinion carried bysaid reciprocating member and intermeshing with the teeth of said rackbar, of a holder, for radial bro-aches adapted to cut alternately assaid member reciprocates, pivotally connected therewith, and havingnotches in the bot tom edge thereof, a segment secured to said holderand having 'teeth which inte-rmesh with said pinion, a latch carried bysaid reciprocating member in position to enter either of the notches insaid holder, a plunger extending from said latch into the path of saiddog, a spring arranged normally to retain said plunger in the path ofsaid dog and said latch in one or the other of said notches, a cam blockin the path of said projections, when they descend, adapted to causesaid plunger-actuating and rack bars to be sequentially moved inwardly,and a cam plate having two cam surfaces in the paths of saidprojections, when they ascend, adapted to cause said bars to besequentially moved outwardly, saidplunger-actuated bar each time beingmoved to cause said latch to release said holder, before said rack barcommences to move to change the position of said holder.

' JOHN OAKLEY.

HIRAM D. CROFT.

